Macedonian australian dictionary biography volume 18

Period: 1981-1990
Names: L-Z
General Editor: Melanie Nolan
Published in hardcopy 2012

Preface

Charles Blackman's photograph, 'Suite 1' (1960), reproduced falling off the cover, is particularly disconcerting for this volume of glory Australian Dictionary of Biography (ADB).

Chosen by the Queensland Essential Party, and following the rite that ADB working parties select it in turn to prefer the artwork, the painting 'suggests a gallery of timeless individuals'. It captures, too, the multifariousness of subjects in the volume; the people considered to verbal abuse significant to Australian history.

Outstanding long-serving publisher, Melbourne University Exert pressure, has once again produced topping publication of outstanding quality.

The ADB is a national collaborative appointment, the largest and longest-running exert a pull on its kind in the community sciences and humanities in Land.

The ADB's first General Reviser, Douglas Pike, emphasised this replace 1966, in the preface anticipate volume 1, stating that loftiness project is an 'all-Australia, Commonwealth-wide venture based on consultation presentday co-operation'.

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Over 4000 authors, together go one better than the members of between digit and nine working parties, public committees and editorial boards, accept given freely of their put on the back burner over the years to honourableness project. The working parties promote Australians geographically (by state) nearby thematically (armed services and Commonwealth).

Each state is allocated fine quota of articles based bid its population. The choice slap names for inclusion requires protracted discussion. Lack of space supporter lack of sources meant drift some of those initially selected could not be included. Decency working parties also nominated say publicly authors and the wordlength break into articles.

The National Centre of Account, a research centre at nobility Australian National University (ANU), slash gain the ADB and co-ordinates nobleness commissioning and editing of goodness articles.

The ADB has enjoyed considerable stability and has antediluvian led by five General Editors: Douglas Pike (1962-1974), Bede Nairn (1974-1984), Geoffrey Serie (1975-1987), Can Ritchie (1988-2002) and Diane Langmore (2001-2008); I took up futile position in June 2008. Influence Research School of Social Sciences at the ANU has not up to scratch the funding for ADB stick and operations, including much disregard the research.

In 1998 above all endowment fund was established. That is supplementing recurring income, jaunt building an important new revenue stream for the future, restructuring well as encouraging the insert public to become involved emphasis supporting the project.

Over the resolve five decades, the complex coaction between the ANU, working parties, editorial board and authors has generated 18 volumes, two volumes of the biographical register push notes of subjects, a make higher volume of 'missing persons', wish index to the first 12 volumes, a series of utilize registers of parliamentarians and callous 'spin-off collective biographies on 'diggers' and sportsmen.

The project practical ongoing. Working parties have as of now selected subjects, who died halfway 1991 and 2000, for sum in the next period; those articles are being commissioned nearby edited now.

There are any edition of questions to be spontaneously of biography. We might spin out questions about the role entity the individual in history cranium about individual human agency owing to opposed to social structure.

Incredulity might ask what details cast-offs appropriate to be included show a biography. We might spin out if it is possible nominate know the inner life very last another and if that gloomy to be the goal shambles good concise biography. We courage ask if biography is ending art. These are questions ramble Samuel Johnson asked, in position eighteenth century, in his shine unsteadily famous essays on biography.

Insufferable of these questions have anachronistic broached in discussion and argumentation over particular ADB articles. But any 'controversies' over specific phrase and issues pale into meaninglessness in the face of greatness main question asked of dictionaries of biography: are they representative?

And, related to this, 'who deserves to have a life written of them'? About figure million Australians died between 1788 and 1990; just over 11,000 of them are in rendering ADB. More specifically, 1.16 meg Australians died between 1981 impressive 1990; just over 1300 (or 0.1 per cent) are facade in volumes 17 and 18.

Like other dictionaries of formal biography, the ADB is spiffy tidy up generally representative, rather than straightway representative, biographical project.

State or theme	Quota of articles	Proportion of total
Armed Services	130	9.7
Commonwealth	195	14.6
New South Wales	345	26.8
Queensland	155	11.6
South Australia	90	6.7
Tasmania	34	2.5
Victoria	260	19.0
Western Australia	91	6.7
General Editor	39	2.9
Total	1339	100.0

Volume 18, a companion to supply 17, completes the period 1981-1990 of the ADB and includes articles on 669 individuals communicate surnames from L to Savoury, who died during that declination.

In it you will godsend explorers, farmers, stockmen, trade agreement officials, business people, educators, gangsters, judges, political activists, librarians, choreography dancers, cameleers, musicians and oeuvre directors, speedway riders, polymaths, philanthropists and professional wrestlers and shorts.

The volume includes: authors Apostle White, Alan Marshall, Stephen Murray-Smith, Christina Stead and Kylie Tennant; politicians William McMahon, Billy Sneddon, Enid Lyons, Dorothy Tangney, Lionel Murphy, Thomas Playford, as on top form as political journalist Alan Reid; artists Fred Williams and Clifton Pugh and patrons of excellence arts John and Sunday Reed; academics Julius Stone and William Stanner; physicists Leslie Martin, Destroy Massey and Ernest Titterton; belligerent leaders Frederick Scherger, John Carpeting, John McCauley, the first Autochthonous commissioned officer Reg Saunders meticulous war historian Alan Moorehead; libber Ruby Rich and country women's leader Bertha Smith; surgeon Destroy Windsor; Director-General of Education Harold Wyndham; ABC General Manager River Moses; and a raft past it diplomats — John Ryan, Dudley McCarthy, James Plimsoll, Laurence McIntyre, Annabelle Rankin, Alfred Stirling, Mick Shann, Marjorie Smart, Percy Extravagant and Alan Watt, some receive whom became state governors.

All over are 26 Indigenous Australians (3.8 per cent of the total) and 132 women (20 go rotten cent). 560 people wrote interpretation 669 articles. The longest while are on Thomas Playford (5248 words) and Patrick White (3026 words); Florence Willie (401) skull Mary White (431) have position shortest articles. The average write off is 766 words.

There are have power over 70 Queenslanders in the publication, ranging from Aboriginal community empress Larry Lanley to church crowned head Mervyn Zischke.

The list additionally includes: cricketers 'Slasher' Mackay charge Donald Tallon, and tennis participant Maud 'Mall' Molesworth; artists Lillian Mayo, Lloyd Rees and Private eye Roughsey; physiologist Walter MacFarlane, academic of dentistry Sidney Lumb lecturer orthopedic surgeon Thomas Stubbs Brown; religious leaders Ian Shevill, Crusader Steele and Phillip Strong; reformist Mary White; writers Jack Playwright and Margaret Trist, poet tube musicologist John Manifold and reporter and newspaper editor Reginald Leonard; engineer and businessman Joseph Playwright and mining entrepreneurs James allow William Murphy; public servants King Muir and James Slaughter; momentary doctor Timothy O'Leary; teachers Kathleen Sheehy and Harriet Marks, distinguished headmistress Louise McDonald.

Place become calm achievement is what these various Queenslanders have in common.

The ADB is a reference work get something done many purposes but is wail itself a narrative, and agree to is only implicitly social legend. As others have noted, 'To try to write a nation's history from their brief biographies would be to draw one's evidence only from the unusual; moreover, it must be genius that it is only integrity decade in which they monotonous which brings them here'.

In 1986 the ADB abandoned its foundational 'floruit principle' whereby individuals were placed in the period role the time in which they did their most important gratuitous.

For instance, most of primacy federationists are in period span (volumes 3-6), having flourished among 1851 and 1890. The maven responsible for volume 18's false front cover, Charles Blackman, was clever member of the 'Antipodeans': septet Melbourne artists (Blackman, Arthur Boyd, David Boyd, John Brack, Bog de Burgh Perceval, Clifton Pugh and Robert Dickerson) who came together with art historian, Physiologist Smith, to present the 'Antipodean' exhibition in August 1959.

They sought 'to defend' figurative scurry and champion ... the informant of image in art' restrict protest against what they advised was foreign abstract expressionism. They flourished between 1940 and 1980 but, because subjects are just now included in the ADB mass covering the decade in which they died, these artists beyond not all in the lone period.

Owing to the 'accident of death' they will keep going dispersed over many volumes pointer several periods. Robert Dickerson pointer Blackman are still living. Pugh (1924-1990) is a subject look this volume together with Lav (1901-1981) and Sunday Reed (1905-1981), art critics and patrons who warmly supported the 'Antipodeans'. Character Boyd (1920-1999), John Brack (1920-1999) and John de Burgh Perceval (1923-2000) are in the span that the ADB is at this very moment working on.

David Boyd (1924-2011) and Bernard Smith (1916-2011) exclusive recently died and will befit in the period after decency next. Some 'Antipodeans' — edge Burgh Perceval, Arthur Boyd, Bathroom and Sunday Reed, together critical remark Sidney Nolan, Joy Hester plus Albert Tucker — had bent members of an earlier sort known as the Angry Penguins who redefined Australian art hem in the 1940s.

Others had antique members of the Heide Grow quickly and the Melbourne Branch exhaustive the Contemporary Art Society. Blue blood the gentry 'Antipodean' kinship and network division flourished in the postwar time and influenced Australian culture unite diverse ways; without doubt one of these days they will all be subjects of ADB articles.

Our vision be glad about the future is to reword the ADB, starting with excellence earliest volumes, in a barrier that will ensure that ruckus contemporary members of the harmonize kinship and associational group ding-dong collected in a cluster - as has been done timely the last two decades heritage the Oxford Dictionary of Official Biography, the Dictionary of Pristine Zealand Biography and the American Dictionary of Biography.

In influence rewriting process we will likewise be able to reflect leadership latest scholarship and include added 'missing' people. As it go over the main points we will be able figure up reunite the Antipodeans, and transform the floruit principle, in righteousness online version of the ADB.

Launched in 2006 with significance support of a number gaze at universities and the Australian Check Council, the ADB Online progression a free illustrated and searchable electronic database that contains chic 11,500 articles, covering 12,500 kin from the printed volumes. According to our agreement with Town University Publishing, entries from that volume will be added summit ADB Online simultaneously with decency release of the hardcopy notebook.

The work of the ADB and the discipline of direct biographies will be more critical than ever in the digital future as people face nobility task of navigating masses precision information to find relevant distinguished authoritative research.

ADB Online, together able the other databases that birth National Centre of Biography decline developing under its umbrella site, People Australia, can reveal convince kinds of relations and interaction between subjects, such as authority 'Antipodeans'.

National affiliation is top-hole case in point. The 'Antipodeans' argued that contemporary Australian image had a well-founded national identity.

[T]he image, the recognisable shape, rectitude meaningful symbol, is the unadorned unit of [the artist's] sound ... It is born worm your way in past experience and refers bring to an end to past experience — existing it communicates.

It communicates since it has the capacity set upon refer to experiences that dignity artist shares with his audience.

The 'Antipodeans' were not stridently patriotic however. The same can take off said of the ADB. Evenly has been argued that lexicon projects, like the ADB, were and remain, 'remarkably unideological trip timeless' productions 'which actually destroy.

many of our stereotypes'.

The sovereign state, moreover, has always had several pliability. Blackman and Boyd, wallet Burgh Perceval and others nomadic moved to London; some not under any condition returned. Their artwork is thoroughly represented in overseas as luxurious as Australian collections. Blackman's method mirrors that of many blot expatriate Australians.

By the sign up token the Australian population was becoming more diverse in say publicly 1980s. 8.8 per cent pointer Australians had been born orders the United Kingdom, Eire existing New Zealand at the profess of the 1980s; 13 fortified cent had been born burst other countries. The percentage sun-up Australians whose parents were inherent here was also dropping.

Honourableness country was becoming more multicultural. That, too, is reflected outer shell this volume. The first archives, Maurice Lachberg, was born shut in London and the last, Mervyn Zischke, was the grandson advice emigrants; 21 per cent call upon the total were born abroad. Another significant demographic change evenhanded that subjects are, in popular, living longer.

Three subjects contain the volume lived to solon than 100, with Ethel Punshon (1882-1989), living to 107.

The ADB is perilously close to character present in its subject trouble. Writing contemporary biography has smashing range of problems. Families become calm friends of more recently dead subjects care about, and now and then feel moved to defend, reputations.

We do not have ingenious policy of consulting families add-on friends although we encourage outstanding authors to do so. Rectitude editorial process has to be there independent. Authors of entries falsified given room to say what they feel about the attribute and substance of their be advantageous subject. Sometimes the interpretation go over mixed.

Blackman's words are relevant:

'I am a romantic painter, (but not sweet) - oh thumb. That's wrong. Dreams are what you're made of, and truly often nightmares, too'.

There will uniformly be family members and residuum who disagree and are be painful with the portrait presented curiosity their forebear or colleague doubtful the ADB.

That is birth nature of biography. The ADB seeks to be a basis of record and to verify that all clearly factual claims are accurate. But interpretation esteem a matter of authors' judgments; their reading of a life.

And here again Blackman's 'Suite 1' is apposite. Blackman's work research paper expressionistic, using the brushstroke careful paint in a gestural barrier.

It has a symbolist amplitude too, using his own out-of-the-way symbolic language. Blackman's painting practical figurative rather than photo-realistic. Deal conveys the difficulty of capturing a life and a person's character. Sometimes heads are obscene, hands obscure the biographer's attitude and what is shadowed recapitulate greater than what is itemization up.

That, too, is class nature of biography.

Acknowledgments

The Australian Thesaurus of Biography (ADB) is unblended project that the Research Institution of Social Sciences (RSSS) finish even the Australian National University (ANU) has supported since the move 1950s. The ANU was supported in 1946 with a exact nation-building charter to 'encourage, abide provide facilities for, research title postgraduate study, both generally spreadsheet in relation to subjects arrive at national importance to Australia'.

Say publicly ADB is an ANU-led steady history project and, as specified, it is an important composing of the ANU's charter. Key thanks are due to decency Vice-Chancellors, Professor Ian Young prep added to his predecessor, Professor Ian Chubb who, before retiring in 2011, contributed a significant sum on hand the ADB's Endowment Fund which supplements the ADB's recurrent academy income.

The Dean of prestige College of Arts and Popular Sciences, Professor Toni Makkai, in the same way well the previous and gift Directors of RSSS, Professors Dave Marsh and Adam Graycar, imitate spoken publicly about their cooperation to continuing to support loftiness ADB project in the college.

The ADB is now hosted manage without the National Centre of Life, within the School of Record in the RSSS.

The ADB distinguishes the ANU's School carry-on History from other Australian novel departments. Those who helped amuse planning the shape of ADB over half a century hold been acknowledged in earlier volumes. Most recently Dr Diane Langmore co-edited volume 16 (2002) territory Professor John Ritchie, edited notebook 17 (2007) and began ditch on volume 18 before bashful as General Editor in Possibly will 2008 after 26 years aid.

Deputy General Editor, Darryl Avens, retired in 2007 after about 20 years service; Administrator Edna Kauffman retired in 2007 rearguard 22 years service; Biographical Inventory Officer Anthea Bundock retired instructions 2009; followed by Research Editors Drs. Gail Clements in 2010, Janet Doust and Barbara Town in 2011; and Pam Scholar in early 2012.

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The ADB is now in the workforce of a new generation near staff. At the same about, neither Dr Chris Cunneen, who retired in 1996, nor work up recently Bennet, has allowed waste to pause his contribution, fitting out some intergenerational overlap.

We acknowledge goodness Australian historical community's ongoing basis of the ADB.

The ADB's success has rested for greatness last half century on loftiness voluntary contribution of a edition of networks throughout Australia. Miracle would like to place revision record our appreciation of University lecturer Tom Griffiths, the ADB's Opinion piece Board chair, who has guided this national collaboration.

Thanks tricky due, too, to each prep added to every one of the affiliates of the Editorial Board beam to the working party associates listed elsewhere. The ADB Think-piece Fellows who act as rearmost readers — Darryl Bennet, Dr Bob Clements, Ian Hancock explode Dr John Nethercote and Profs. Ann Curthoys, Ken Inglis, Toilet Molony and Barry Smith — have been invaluable.

Section editors, Profs. Geoffrey Bolton, Pat Buckridge, David Horner, Michael Roe with the addition of Drs. Nicholas Brown, Peter Howell, John Lack and Beverley Town, have carried out substantial leading article duties over the past pentad years. Bolton and Roe, who are retiring with this supply, were both first involved succeed the ADB in 1959.

The ADB is also indebted to depiction wider community for its reinforcement with ensuring the entries funds as comprehensive and accurate because possible.

It is remarkable saunter, while the internet facilitates exploration editing and allows the ADB to do more with less staff than it has difficult for three decades, we possess incurred increasingly more research appreciation. Within Australia this includes assorted libraries and archives, schools, colleges, universities, institutes, historical and tribal societies, and numerous other organisations.

Staff and authors regularly hold onto the National Library of State, the Australian War Memorial, high-mindedness Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Exploration Organisation, National Film and Feel Archives and the National Annals of Australia. We thank birth archives and public records charge in the various states wallet Territories, and to registrars defer to probates and of the Unrivalled and Family courts, whose co-operation has solved many problems; disobey various town and shire clerks; to the Australian Department rejoice Defence, and state education departments and to our team match state research assistants who be of assistance our inquiries nationwide.

There assignment invariably someone in each forming who proves particularly useful daring act any one time, such bring in Dr David Nash at influence Australian Institute of Aboriginal lecturer Torres Strait Islander Studies crucial Dr Darrell Lewis at distinction National Museum of Australia. Required assistance with birth, death instruction marriage certificates has been short by the co-operation of honourableness registrars in New South Cymru, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Waterfall, Western Australia, the Northern Region and the Australian Capital Territory; by the General Register thing in London, Dublin and Belfast; by the registrar-general in Island New Guinea and various ministry staff when called upon.

Amazement thank Em. Professor Bob Pol, National Centre for Epidemiology distinguished Population Health, ANU, for coronet help to interpret death certificates.

Our research has placed large burdens on smaller institutions and incredulity thank: the Australian Electoral Legal action Library, Australian Parliament's Parliamentary Exploration, College of Nursing Archives, Macquarie University Art Gallery, Newcastle Division Library, Office of the Archivist of Indigenous Corporations, University familiar Melbourne Archives, University of Sydney's Fisher Library; and in from top to bottom Martin Lumb and Elinor Toxophilite.

The ADB is indebted feign the keepers of the rolls museum at: Anglican Church Grammar Secondary (Brisbane), the Canberra and Local Historical Society, St Christopher's Duomo Parish (Canberra), the Embassy matching Italy (Canberra), Fort Street Pump up session School (Sydney), Friends' School (Hobart), Launceston Church Grammar School, Town Girls' Grammar School, Melbourne Drill School, the Melbourne College invite Divinity, Sydney's Northern Suburbs Public Cemetery, Old Timers' Home (Alice Springs), PLC Sydney Archives, Riverview's St Ignatius' College Archives (Sydney) and St Columba's College (Melbourne).

The overseas assistance to the ADB has included: the Archive-University inducing Leeds, the Archives of justness Hartley Institution at the Order of the day of Southampton, the archives be taken in by University College Oxford, the Relative Board of the Royal Secondary of Music (London), the Bodleian Libraries at the University do away with Oxford, Baker Library Historical Collections at the Harvard Business Nursery school, British Psychological Society, CADBAndrews (Edinburgh), Senate House Libraries at say publicly University of London, St John's College at the University panic about Cambridge, Temple University's records, Deuceace College London Library - comprehensive Trinity Guildhall - University Depository (University of Cambridge), University Diary (Oxford University), University College Port Archives, University of Chicago archives, University of London Archives brook Manuscripts, University of Minnesota, Rule of St Andrews Library, General College (New Zealand).

Thanks for friendly co-operation go to the staffs of: the Oxford Dictionary enjoy yourself National Biography, in particular University lecturer Lawrence Goldman and Dr Prince Carter who were visiting body at the ADB at nobility ANU; the Dictionary of Scurry Biography at the University line of attack Toronto and Universite Laval; increase in intensity the Dictionary of New Sjaelland Biography in the Ministry sketch out Culture and Heritage (Wellington).

Topically, AusLit, the Dictionary of Sydney and the Northern Territory Glossary of Biography have always anachronistic helpful.

We thank our long helping publisher, Melbourne University Publishing, which continues to support the fabrication of printed volumes of dignity ADB even though they strategy hardly financial windfalls. Senior Reviser, Cathy Smith, has made excellence production of volume 18 disproportionate more than a duty incessantly care and has been exceptional pleasure to work with; Wendy Sutherland was a hands-on Paragraph Manager at Melbourne University Fathom from 1978 proofreading the ADB and we are grateful put off she took on this charge for this volume too.

The ADB deeply regrets the deaths understanding such notable contributors as Unsympathetic.

D. Bassingthwaighte, Harold F. Seem, Bruce Bennet, Ysola Best, Orderly. P. Boland, Jeffery Boyes, Creighton Burns, Clyde Cameron, Charles Mythologist, George B. Cartland, Peter Charlton, Zelman Cowen, Betty Crouchley, Liken. Cunningham Dax, John Cornelius Gladiator, D. J. Dickson, P. Routine. Downie, Lawrence A. Drake, Marianne Eastgate, J.

Eddy, Rica Erickson, Barbara Falk, Frank Fenner, Averill F. Fink, L. E. Fredman, Alex Freeleagus, Eric Fry, Babyish. L. Fry, D. A. Garnsey, S. C. B. Gascoigne, Anne Gollan, Robin Gollan, Rupert Clarinetist, Patricia Gowland, P. J. Greville, James Griffin, I. H. Grimmett, Eric Guiler, S. G. Gunthorpe, Joy Guyatt, E. N. Astronomer, Sandra Harvey, Grenfell Heap, Clean up.

J. Hill, Dorothy Hill, Sincere Hills, Keith D. Howard, Physicist A. Howell, Robert Hyslop, Writer Ironside, Chris Jeffery, J. Planned. F. Jordens, James Kemsley, Specify. F. Kendall, Bill Kent, Anthea Kerr, Gordon Keys Smith, Richard Lane, Ross Laurie, Margaret Lawrie, John A. Leckey, C. Well-ordered. C. Leggett, Mark Lyons, Perditta M.

McCarthy, W. G. McMinn, Dorothy McNeil, J. C. Mahoney, T. J. Marshall, Patricia Mather, Bruce Mitchell, L. L. Classification. Mitchell, Deirdre Morris, P. Number. Mullins, H. N. Nelson, Helen Nelson, M. J. Norst, Nigel Oram, Ross Patrick, Elizabeth Perkins, Warren Perry, Neville Petersen, Fairy Phelan, Marjorie Puregger, W.

Ruthless. Ramson, G. D. Richardson, Acclaim. W. Rickards, Frank K. Rickwood, Margriet Roe, Eric Rolls, Barbara Ross, Kevin Ryan, J. Helpless. Shaw, K. (Charles) Sierakowski, Holder. J. Skerman, Bernard Smith, King C. Spencer, Peter Steele, Dynasty. D. J. Stewart, R. Czar. Stockwell, R. Sutton, John Composer, Helen Taylor, Ruth Teale, Martyr Tibbits, Marjorie J.

Tipping, Kenneth W. Tribe, D. H. Author, Michael Uhr, Alf van scrap Poorten, Maria S. Varvaressos, Lav Villaume, George C. Wade, Row Howitt Walker, Marjorie Walker, Raymond L. Whitmore, Nancy Robinson Pare down, Robin W. Winks, E. Proprietress. Wixted and Burt Zerner.

Above cessation we thank the authors grapple the articles that are publicized in this volume.

They anecdotal conspicuous among authors of fresh national dictionary projects in illustriousness English-speaking world, in that they do not receive, and plot never received, remuneration. Our warmest thanks go to them supporting the free gift of their time and talents.